


SOMERSET COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA, 





WITH A 


DESCRIPTION OF 








BALTIMORE: 

PRINTED BY JOHN W. WOODS 














(1 urn'll 


PASSENGER 

STATION 


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W\LUM* SIDES, SURVEYOR 


34 Second Si Hallo 


Lilh by A florji k. Co .S', 






























































































Savage Mountain 


longitudinal Section in ti S.E.&N.Wdirection from Beal's Gap to Bribers Gap (done) the Ridge 

Through Hoyviaris Hill 

K- across the Coal 

Through distance 4 miles. 






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Compiled from the Geological Surveys 
made by fro lessor W. H Johnson A.. M. 


WILLIAM SIDES 
Land Surveyor ftr. 

7)4. Second &t. H id ti more. 


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})J JJUjTTAJj'] (BCDALL 'J'JJDU-DiJ 


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Somei*sel C’n. PemisylT»ni:i. 


LEVEL OF TIDE WATE 


Lilh. by A.Hocnae Co. Balto. 


VERTICAL SECTION ai Hoymans Summit. 


Description 


Thickness 


Hoymau Summit: () 


Supposed Georges Creek 
Con! 


Coal 



daymans VeinCoa 

l id Upper Vein C. 
Iron Ore 
Coal 


Coal 


Coed 


Iron Ore ( Yields GO p Ct.j 



Limestone 

Coal 


Coal 

Ore, 

fire Clay 
Shafter Vein.Coal 


U 




U 


!6 


n 


n 


6 Ft. 
Id In. 


Hardin Vein Con! 


Il»cl< Vein Coal 


6Ft 
50 In: 


19 


/Bin. 


Description 


Limestone 
Savage Vein Coed. 



"hickness 


20 In. 

Level oC Tide Water 


Coal 


Coal 


!* 


65 


Limestone 


Coal 


26 


ParkerVetn I 

Fire, Clay 
Dine bough Vein I 


21 


?8 


29 


Slab Vein 


M 


Coal 


Dig Vein Iron Ore 


J2 


Small Vein Coed 


Great Conglomerate > 
Rock 


JS 


z4fi 


Jft. 


IS In. 


hft. 












































































































































































































Showing the Connection, of the 

SiJtXlB.EiiiAl'lU -Ch^UJXiU 

WITH THE CANAL AND RAIL ROAD IMPROVEMENTS OF THE 

I* «■ t » m a ** 

According to Surveys m/uU- by 
Philip T Tyson ft* J.II. Alexander 

——— fiAi rl Ity 

^ Berij. H. Latrobe Chief Engineer 
' , of the Baltimore & Ohio It If 


rostburg Miking Co 
+ Borden (Mine 


oung& 


+Vsue Farm 


Mines'^ 


Alleghany'' 

Mines* 

* New York 


^Washington 
a Mine*- 


WELLER 

TRACT 


1 SA-AC HARDIN 


MT SAVAGE 

Iron Works 

i 

A WELLERsinU 


/UHL 
J TRACT 


(VOLLSVIIM 


COOKS 

TRACTS 


HOYMAN 

TRACT. 


GAUMER 

X TRACT 


Creek 


CrMBERLAND 


HUM OHO COUNTS 


B altimor 


WILLIAM SIDES 

Land Surveyor &c. 

.34 Second St. Baltimore 

1853. 


Lilh. by A. Horn <t -Co. Baltimore hid. 





















































































































CHARTER 


?/ 


/ 


O F 


THE ONION COAL COMPANY, 


SITUATED IN 


SOMERSET COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA, 


WITH A DESCRIPTION OF 


m>t Coal anb Iron IRinco, 


AND 


ACCOMPANIED BY MAPS, PROFILES AND SECTIONS. 




BALTIMORE: 

PRINTED BY JOHN W. WOODS 


1853 . 









PROSPECTUS 


O F 

THE UNION COAL COMPANY, 

O F 


Somerset County, Pennsylvania. 


In calling: attention to this new object of investment, and 
fully aware of the many of a similar character which are 
already before them, the undersigned cannot but feel that some 
statements are necessary to infuse into the minds of others the 
confidence with which his own has been impressed, in regard to 
the plan submitted for their consideration, before he could 
reasonably expect either to attract their attention, or induce them 
to invest their means. He would therefore briefly say, that, 
he has only been induced to enter into this new project, after 
a careful personal examination of all the lands it is proposed 
to purchase: and a close comparison of the Report of Profes¬ 
sor Johnson, with the facts therein stated, to which frequent 
reference will be made, it was impossible to escape the con¬ 
viction that in point of location, mineral wealth, facility of work¬ 
ing and transportation, these lands have a decided advantage 
over any that have come under his observation—he feels jus¬ 
tified in making this assurance, knowing that it is not made on 
slight or untenable grounds, but upon facts that will bear any 
test to which they may be subjected—the position of these 
lands compact and in one body, in the immediate vicinity and 
surrounding the town of Wellersburg, with the plank road from 


4 


Cumberland to West Newton, passing through them, a very 
large portion of excellent cultivated surface land, with several 
hundred acres well-timbered, they possess a more than usual 
value for mountain land, independent of the coal, iron, lime¬ 
stone and fire-clay, with which they abound—added to which 
their proximity to market being only 9 miles from Cumberland, 
with a Rail Road completed to within one and a half miles of the 
mines. Without detaining you with any further observations, 
it is only necessary to place the facts before you, to lead your 
mind to the same conclusion to which the undersigned himself 
has arrived, that as an investment, it is difficult to find one 
more justly entitled to your attention. 

CHRISTIAN KEENER, AgH. 


A BRIEF HISTORY-GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION-AND GEO¬ 
LOGICAL VALUE AND RESOURCES OF THE LANDS 
INTENDED TO CONSTITUTE “THE UNION COAL COM¬ 
PANY.” 

These lands are situated on the North-west fork of Jenning’s 
run, and at the North-east end of the Frostburg Coal Basin, 
about seven miles from that place, and nine from Cumberland, 
immediately beyond the Maryland State line, in Somerset 
County, Pennsylvania. They lie within two miles of the rail¬ 
road from Cumberland to Mt. Savage, and in such position as 
to make them the nearest Coal lands to the eastern market, 
and the easiest of access of all the lands belonging to the sev¬ 
eral Companies which have been formed for mining in that 
region, except a portion of the Parker Vein Co’s lands. At 
no other point in this whole basin, has there been such a per¬ 
fect development of the whole range of strata, which are here 
cut through from top to bottom, exposing within a range of 
two miles, all the different veins of Coal, Iron Ore, Limestone 
and Fire Clay, in such way as to allow of their being worked 
by horizontal drifts. 

And owing to this circumstance it was here that the first 
discoveries of Coal in this celebrated basin were made, which 
led to their further development. Fifty years ago some of these 
veins were explored for mining purposes, and at a very early 
date coal was taken out, and hauled to Cumberland in wagons, 
and thence conveyed down the Potomac in arks and boats to 
the armory at Harper’s Ferry and to Georgetown, and were 
pronounced a very superior article. 


6 


Of late years public attention has not been called to this 
quarter, and these lands have hitherto escaped the notice of 
capitalists for several reasons. In the first place attention has 
been almost exclusively directed to Alleghany County, Mary¬ 
land, as containing the great body of coal land in this basin, 
while in fact, the most valuable part of this basin extends some 
two or three miles into the State of Pennsylvania. 

In the next place the most valuable of them have been locked 
up for more than twelve years, in the estates of the late Hon. 
Charles Ogle and Joshua F. Cox, Esq. by whom they were 
purchased because of their great mineral wealth , at the very 
commencement of mining operations in this quarter, about the 
years 1836 and 7, in prospect of the early completion of the 
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal to Cumberland, and its continua¬ 
tion thence to the Ohio. And in expectation that' this improve¬ 
ment was shortly to be finished, a Charter was procured from 
the Legislature of Pennsylvania, under the name of u The Alle¬ 
ghany Coal Company ,” at the session of 1838-9. A geologi¬ 
cal survey and exploration was made by Walter R. Johnson, 
A. M., Professor of Chemistry and Natural Philosophy in the 
medical department of Pennsylvania College, Philadelphia, ac¬ 
companied by an elaborate report; since this report, many 
recent mineral discoveries of great value have been made, and 
facilities of getting to market, opened by the completion of 
“The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal,” and The Baltimore and 
Ohio Rail-road to Cumberland, and its lateral branches reach¬ 
ing within one and a half miles of this property: While Pro¬ 
fessor Johnson’s analysis of the coal and ores furnish an amount 
of information seldom to be met with; the accuracy of which 
report, has been tested and confirmed by recent examinations 
and explorations. 


7 


Mr. Ogle, at whose expense the survey was made, did not 
live to hear the result. The report came out after his death, 
which occurred in May, 1841. This circumstance and the delay 
attending the settlement of his estate, prevented any immediate 
disposition of these lands. The subsequent death of Mr. Cox, 
the other interested party, threw additional embarrassments in 
the way, until within the last two years, when this property, 
with several additional tracts of great value, became concen¬ 
trated in the hands of the present proprietors, who have now 
concluded to put them into a Joint Stock Campany to be called 
u The Union Coal Company ,” for the speedier accomplishment 
of which, a supplementary act was passed at the recent ses¬ 
sion of the Legislature of Pennsylvania. 

GEOLOGICAL CHARACTER OF THESE LANDS. 

With reference to the Geological Character of the formation 
existing in this part of the basin, Professor Johnson in his 
report, commencing on page 8, says:—It is, 

u In all its leading features entirely similar to that found in 
other bituminous coal regions, both of the old and new world. 
It is a secondary formation, reposing in a trough or canoe¬ 
shaped cavity, between two upheaved ridges which run nearly 
parallel to each other in a direction from north-east to south¬ 
west; and consequently the strata which are inclined towards 
a central north-east and south-east line dip from one of these 
ridges, (the Savage mountain,) towards the south-east, and 
from the other, (Little Alleghany mountain,) they dip towards 
the north-west. In the central line, the position of the strata 
becomes, of course, for a short distance, nearly horizontal, 
and as we recede from this line they are seen to be more and 
more highly inclined to each other. The evidences of the 


8 


true character of the two ridges, that of up-curved portions 
of the stratification, were abundantly presented to view at the 
several gaps in these ridges, which I was enabled to visit; and 
on both sides of the coal field I traced the rock formation to 
points where it again became inclined from the central line 
of the coal trough in question. 

Thus, in passing through the gap in the Little Alleghany 
mountain, which affords a passage to the waters of Gladden’s 
run, I was enabled to observe at Compt’s old mill-dam, an 
inclination S. 75 degrees, E. 81 degrees; while at Mattinger’s 
shop higher up the stream, the inclination is N. 45 W. 85 degrees. 
Between this point and Emerick’s mill, we find successively 
dips in the same direction, 43 and 36 degrees. At Emerick’s 
mill, where the conglomerate rock is found in place, and a 
little above which, a bed of coal is opened, the inclination is 
still north-west, but the angle has diminished to 22 degrees. 
At Daniel Hoy man’s, on the road which ascends the south 
branch of Gladden’s run, the slate rock has a dip N. 38 W. of 
9 degrees; and at Baker’s place, N. 28 W. 8 degrees. At 
Gaumer’s big vein it is N. 15 W. 5°. These last three observa¬ 
tions appear to favor the supposition that the ridge between 
the waters of Gladden’s and Jenning’s runs, is in fact saddle- 
shaped, dipping into the valleys of the streams, as well as to¬ 
wards the centre of the trough, as already mentioned. 

At the mouth of Jenning’s run, the rocks were observed to 
dip N. 45° W. 80°. 

At a crossing of Jenning’s run, below the junction of the 
north and south forks, the dip was found to be N. 51° W. 65°. 
On the red shale rock some distance below the conglomerate, 
N. 40^ W. 17°; from this point to Uhl’s mill, the inclination 
of the strata cut through by the stream appears to diminish 
gradually, until at the latter point it is N. 45 W. 4| degrees. 



9 


Some additional facts were observed with respect to the incli¬ 
nation of the rocks, on the flank of the Little Alleghany, par¬ 
ticularly north of Beale’s Gap, where the conglomerate stand¬ 
ing high above the other members of the coal series, probably 
on account of its greater degree of durability, has an inclina¬ 
tion N. 45 W. 60°. At Beale’s Gap also, the sandstone above 
the conglomerate dips N. 50 W. 33°; but having passed from 
this point over the edges of several of the lower beds of coal 
and there interposed rocks, towards the synclinal axis or bot¬ 
tom of the trough, we perceive the formation to be gradually 
becoming more and more nearly horizontal, until we reach the 
rounded hill near the house of Henry Hoyman, which seems to 
repose in the centre of the trough, and to contain some higher 
members of the original formation than are met with in any 
other part of the trough over which my lines of survey exten¬ 
ded. From the base of this central bluff we advance towards 
the north-west, up the flank of the Savage mountain, over 
strata, at first only moderately inclined, and find, as we pro¬ 
ceed, still further evidences of the saddle-shaped figure assumed 
by the strata, constituting the ridge. 

Thus we have on the south-westerly side of the ridges at 
Hardin’s old and new openings, a dip S. 8 W. 6°, instead of 
S.45° E., as we might expect from the general bearing of the 
mountain ranges and of the main axis of the coal-trough. On 
the other hand, above Daniel Lepley’s, on the Gladden’s run 
side of the ridge, the inclination is S. 60 E. 24 °—then S. 55° 
E. 15°—and not far below, on the Jenning’s-run side of the 
slope, S. 30 E. 15°; S. 35 E. 17°. All these observations are 
within a few rods of each other, and indicate that the waters 
of the two runs, have, in excavating their channels, more than 
1000 feet deep into the formation, been directed by other than 
accidental circumstances, in reference to the courses which 
they have respectively traced. It would be highly satisfactory 
2 


a 


10 


to witness a direct development of all members of the series 
above water-level in this part of the basin, by means of trenches 
opened upon the steep sides of the slope, exposing the edges 
of the strata. In the absence of this method of research, I have 
sought to connect, in as unexceptionable a manner as possible, 
the points where openings do exist; and thus to construct a 
section which may serve as a general guide, subject to such 

corrections as future and more minute examinations shall render 
necessary. 

“An inspection of the accompanying section will show that 
the lower bed of coal, opened near the point where the south- 
fork of Jenning’s run, (which comes from near Frostburg,) 
joins the nortB-fork, must, in the centre of the basin, be found 
even below the level of the town of Cumberland, and that it 
must be at least 1,300 feet below the top of the Central Hill, still 
resting in the middle of the trough near Hoyman’s house. The 
old coal openings at the forks are only three hundred feet above 
the mouth of Jenning’s run; and as the latter point is known 
to be 684 feet above tide, we have at this point, a coal bed 984 
feet above tide-water, capable of being mined by horizontal 
drifts, and presenting a breast of at least 4,000 feet, on the slope 
of the little Alleghany mountain, before it would reach the out¬ 
crop, where it was observed near Beal’s gap.” The advan¬ 
tages of this position may be appreciated by the fact that many 
lands rich in minerals, are frequently rendered utterly valueless 
for the want of a proper synclinal inclination of the veins, 
which in working drain themselves. 

“From an actual examination of the position of each bed it 
will be observed that about twelve different strata of coal have 
already been ascertained to exist, and that of these not less 
than six or seven are susceptible of profitable working, and have 
actually been wrought to supply the demands, either of the 
immediate neighborhood, or of the public armory at Harper’s 


V 


11 


Ferry,” and farther on he adds, “from my own observation in 
the higher beds of the formation, I am led to the belief that the 
total amount of workable coal in the formation does not fall 
short of thirty feet.” 

Yet since that time there has been many more veins discov¬ 
ered, and the total amount of workable coal known to exist, 
cannot fall far short of double the first estimate; instead of 12 
different strata, some 6 or 7 of which are workable, there are 
more than 20, some 10 to 12 of which at least are susceptible 
of being profitably worked. 

The similarity of the coal found in all the veins, makes the 
following analyses of those opened at the time by Professor 
Johnson, all that is necessary, to understand their composition 
and character. 

ANALYSES OF COALS. 

No. 1. The first sample analyzed was from the eight feet 
bed, opened not far from H. Hoyman’s place, at the centre of 
the trough, and near the highest part of the dividing ridge, 
between the waters of Jenning’s and those of Gladden’s run. 
This coal has a rather open structure, and jet black color, or 
occasional iridescent tints, with portions of alternate bright and 
dull black surface. The surfaces of deposition are well marked, 
and the two sets of slines or cleats, are, in the sample before 
me, at angles of about 105° and 75°, with each other, giving a 
rhombic structure in that direction. 


The specific gravity of this coal is 1.3432. 


Heated to 220° Fah. it loses 

1.2 per ct. 

When fully coked, it yields of water and other 


condensable matter, 

4.0 « 

And of uncondensable gas, 

16.8 “ 

It contains of earthy matter, 

8.1 “ 

And of solid carbon, 

69.9 “ 


100.00 


t 



12 


The ashes are dense, of a reddish gray tint, and obviously 
contain a considerable proportion of oxyd of iron, and pro¬ 
bably a small per cent, of manganese; not enough, however, it 
is believed, to interfere, in the least, with the use of this coal 
for smelting iron. 

No. 2. This specimen of coal was taken from the new 
opening on Uhl’s upper vein. Its thickness, measured at an old 
drift at some distance from the point where this new opening 
was made, was found to be 4 feet 9 inches, including a ply of 
slate of variable thickness, from 9 to 12 inches. The new open¬ 
ing had not, at. the time of my visit, been so effectually opened as 
to enable me to determine exactly its thickness, but it is, doubt¬ 
less, equal to that observed in the other opening. 


The specific gravity of this coal is 1.3195. 


Heated to 220° Fab. it lost, 

2.00 per ct. 

And when fully coked it gave—in combined 
water and other condensable vapors, 

1.04 “ 

And of uncondensable gas, 

16.08 “ 

The earthy matter, bright buff or fawn-colored 
ashes, is 

4.05 “ 

Carbon, 

75.75 “ 

100.00 

No. 5. This coal is from Hoyman’s eight feet bed, but a diffe- 


rent ply from the sample given in No. 1. The color is nearly 
jet black, shining, structure rhomboidal, foliated, and occasional¬ 
ly exhibiting local contortions of the grain. The surfaces of su¬ 
perposition are strongly marked; and the main slines, or clea¬ 
vages, are inclined to those surfaces, in an angle of about 30 
and 150 degrees.—Its specific gravity is 1.363. 

At 300° it parts with moisture to the amount of 1.1 per ct. 
And in coking loses in addition, of volatile matter, 17.2 “ 

It contains of earthy matter, 10.2 “ 

And of unvolatilizable carbon, 71.5 “ 




100.00 




13 


The ashes are of nearly as light a color as those from 
hickory wood, but with a slight reddish tinge, are bulky, and 
appear to contain but little metallic oxyd. 

The coke is not voluminous, and has a steel-like color and 
brightness. No sulphur was detected in the course of this 
analysis, though traces of sulphuret of iron do occur in some 
plies of this bed of coal. 

The following table exhibits the coals arranged in the order 
above suggested. 


Coals arranged in the order of their specific gravities, with the proximate con¬ 
stituents of each. 


No. 

Locality. 

Sp.Gr. 

Wat. expell¬ 
ed at 300°. 

Bitu¬ 

men. 

Jisites. 

Carbon. 

Pro. curb, to 1 
of bitumen. 

\ 

2 

Hoyman’s new 
opening. 

1.3195 

2.0 

18.2 

4.05 

75.57 

1 

4.162 

i 

8 

Weller’s four 
feet vein. 

1.321 

1.4 

18.5 

11.00 

69.10 

! 

| 3.735 

1 

Hoyman’s old 
bed. 

1.3432 

1.2 

20.6 

8.10 

69.90 

3.393 

6 

Hoyman’s six 
feet bed. 

1.362 

1.3 

18.5 

11.66 

68.54 

3.705 

1 

5 

Hoyman’s eight 
feet bed. 

1.363 

1.1 

17.2 

10.20 

71.50 

4.157 

4 

Schaeffer’s new 
opening. 

1.370 

1.3 

17.5 

10.50 

70.70 

4.040 

3 

D. Korn’s old 
opening. 

1.386 

1.4 

18.7 

11.44 

68.46 

3.661 

1 

r* 

t 

Uhl’s seven feet 
vein. 

1.388 

2.7 

16,8 

12.06 

68.44 

4.073 

i 

• 9 

Meeting-house 

vein. 

1.480 

1.2 

17.5 

12.79 

68.56 

i 

3.918 

10 

Weller & Hai’- 
din’s. 

1.491 

1.4 

16.2 

.. 

16.04 

66.36 

I 

4.096 


Mean results. 

1.382 

1.5 

17.97 

10.68 

69.73 

3.894 


Omitting the minor fractional divisions, it may be stated 
that the coal of this formation, contains in 100 parts, by weight, 



















































































14 


v 


✓ 


one and a half parts of hygrometric moisture, eighteen of bit¬ 
umen, ten and a half earthy matter, and seventy of carbon. It 
may also be stated in general terms, that the % volatile combus¬ 
tible matter bears to the carbon, the proportion of one to four. 

The mean specific gravity of the coal being 1.382, the weight 
of one cubic yard will be 2747 pounds; and each acre of land 
on which the eight feet bed is found, will accordingly, contain 
in that bed, 15,800 tons. The six feet bed will contain nearly 
11,800 tons per acre. 

From this, and the number of coal veins, it would be no 
exaggeration to estimate the whole number of tons per acre, 
at 4 or 5 times the yield of this vein, and yet large as this 
would make the value of the whole, it is not overrated, even 
without taking into consideration the minerals of other descrip¬ 
tions known to exist and underlying the whole body of this land. 

“To the above general remarks, I may add, that, the 
richness of this coal formation in argillaceous carbonates of 
Iron and in Limestone, is such, as to warrant the establishment 
and prosecution of Iron Works on the most extensive scale 
which the necessities of the country shall require. When this, 
and similar coal districts of our country, come to be duly 
appreciated, there will, I conceive, be a total cessation of 
the ruinous practice of contracting debts abroad for supplying 
this important article of consumption at home, an article, 
which there appears to be as little need of bringing from 
abroad into the United States, as there is of importing raw 
cotton from India.” 

IRON ORE. 

The manufacturing of Iron swells into importance as an ob¬ 
ject of investment, that, at first glance, it would hardly be 
thought to possess, if we will only bestow a passing thought 
on the 10,000 miles of projected rail-roads, and the wear and 


15 


tear of those in present use, besides the many new purposes 
for which Iron is growing into daily use. 

The great abundance and richness of the Iron Ore in this 
part of the Basin make it invaluable, as a location for the 
manufacture of Iron, and for which there is no place in the 
United States with superior advantages, and perhaps none 
equal. Professor Johnson, says in his report, page 29—“The 
varieties of Iron Ore found on this property, their abundance 
and richness, warrant the highest expectations as to the value 
of this district for Iron manufactures.” 

This estate is situated nearly on the ridge which divides 
the waters flowing east and west, and by means of Rail Roads 
and Rivers has the choice of both markets. The Pittsburg 
Post , speaking of the Iron Trade, says : 

“The Iron Manufacturers of this country have a sure demand before 
them of nearly $300,000,000 for fabrics to be turned out from their manu¬ 
factories—a demand that will require all, and more than all their capacity 
to supply fast enough. The calculations upon which the statements are 
based is the extent of railroad now in course of construction. With one 
hundred tons per mile, single track, it will require 1,300,000 tons of iron 
rail to complete the thirteen thousand miles of railroad either in progress 
or which will be in progress ere long, including the Pacific railroad. At 
$50 per ton, this would require an outlay of $65,000,000 for single tracks 
alone. But many of these roads will be double tracks, besides turnouts, 
&c. Then follows a vast outlay for cars, locomotives, and other iron 
works about such roads, to say nothing of ocean steamships, iron buildings, 
machinery, &.C., will give, an almost unlimited demand for iron.” 

It has lately been announced both in this country and in 
England, that great improvements have been discovered in the 

process of manufacturing iron from the ore, by which the 

/ 

operation is much simplified and economised. The ore and 
fuel of this Company are well adapted lo their new process, 
and advantage can be taken of all improvements. The Nation¬ 
al Intelligencer says that an important announcement in Eng¬ 
land, and which is eliciting great attention, is a development 
of new principles in Iron Metallurgy . The general opinion 
of those who are competent to judge, says the Mining Jour¬ 
nal, is that the invention and discoveries referred to, will open 


16 


an entirely new era in the manufacture of iron, not only with 
regard to its various manipulations, but to the construction and 
arrangement of apparatus also. If half these rumors be correct, 
the iron trade will indeed be revolutionized. 

We copy from the Cleveland Herald, of recent date, the 
following: 

BAR IRON.— Important Discovery. —Messrs. Davis &, Co., of Cin¬ 
cinnati, (Ohio,) have become interested with the owners of Hilton’s patent 
process of making wrought iron directly from the ore, with wood or min¬ 
eral coal at a single heat, and have put the matter to a practical test with 
the most favorable results. They have put up a furnace, forge and rolling 
mill in one room, and the first attempt produced iron, though all the hands, 
with one exception, had never seen such a furnace. The furnace and 
puddling oven are connected; when the ore is melted it flows into the oven, 
and by tapping a few inches above the oven hearth the slug or drop flows 
out. The iron is bailed and put under the trip hammer, made into blooms 
and prepared for rollers; all done but with a small quantity of fuel. Owing 
to low water in the Ohio, Messrs. Davis & Co. have so far used a very 
inferior quality of black sand stone ore, yielding only about 15 per cent, of 
iron, and usually refused by foundry men, as unprofitable. 

The ore is pulverised and mixed with 20 per cent, of carbon—common 
bituminous coal—and then put into air chambers prepared for it, which are 
also heated by stone coal. In the puddling oven it is also heated by stone 
coal to a white or welding heat, and made ready for bailing. No charcoal 
or anthracite, heretofore considered as essential, is used. Nine blooms of 
70 pounds each, averaging one in fifteen minutes, required but three bush¬ 
els of stone coal to the bloom. They are now turning out about 2h tons 
of the best quality of blooms every 24 hours at a cost of $12,50 per ton in 
Cincinnati. 

The iron manufactured by the new process has been subjected to the 
severest test, such as making into horse shoe nails, nuts, &c., and proves 
to be as good quality as the best of blooms brought to the Cincinnati market. 
The above particulars of this important invention to the iron interests are 
obtained from the communication of J. Greer to the Dayton Journal, and 
Charles Cist to the Cincinnati Enquirer. Both have visited the works and 
witnessed the process, and Mr. C. says: 

“The great advantages claimed in this process are the cheapness with 
which the iron is made, the cost estimated is but $22 to $23, where the ore 
and coal is near at hand—the use exclusively of the common bituminous 
coal—the uniform good quality of the iron—and compared with a blast 
furnace, costing say $3U,U00, which usually produces nine tons pig iron, 
worth, say $3'J per ton, the daily products would be $270.—The same in¬ 
vestment, say $30,000, will build twenty of these furnaces, allowing 
$15,0UU for machinery, houses, &e., which twenty furnaces, at the poorest 
yield ever yet made, will produce 40 tons blooms daily, worth, at least, 
$60 per ton when pig iron is worth $30, making $2,400 daily product from 
a $30,000 investment against $270 product at a blast furnace, and the com¬ 
parative cost of labor, nothing compared with increased product. The 
works are all contained in a building 30 by 50 feet, and the estimated room 
required for twenty furnaces and necessary machinery, is a single shed 140 
feet long and fifty feet wide.” 


17 


Without detaining our readers any longer on this part of our 
subject, we call their attention to Professor Johnson’s 

ANALYSES OF IRON ORES. 

We select out of several analyses, the following—viz. 

No. 1. It is very compact in structure, of a bluish grey 
color, gives a splintery fracture, and sometimes developes in 
its surfaces of separation, the existence of vegetable fossils. 

Its specific gravity is 3.7644. 


At a temperature of 320° Fah. it loses 

1 . 

per ct. 

When strongly calcined, it loses in addition 

28.4 

a 

And yields of pig metal 

42.2 

u 

Earthy matter and oxygen 

28.4 

a 


100 . 

The iron obtained in this assay was grey, soft, and tough. 

No. 2. Next in the order of superposition, appears to be 
the Ql feet bed of iron ore, in bands and balls, as found near 
the top of Savage mountain The sample analyzed was taken 
from near the bottom of the bed, out of a compact band of ore, 
12 inches thick. The dip of this bed is, S. 50° E. 17°. 

This ore is a light blue impure carbonate, inclining in some 
parts to reddish brown, owing, probably, to the formation of 


some peroxide, by exposure to the atmosphere. 

Its fracture 

is rough and splintery. 



Its specific gravity at 63° Fah. is 3.3957. 



Heated to 350° it loses 

0.5 

per ct. 

When calcined at a white heat, it loses in addition, 

28.0 

u 

It yields of pig iron, 

39.2 

u 

And contains of earthy impurities, 

24.1 

u 

And of oxygen, 

8.2 

a 


100. 



3 


> 




18 


The pig metal yielded by this ore is dark grey, soft, tough, 
and exhibits various dark crystalline facets. 

The cinder is brittle, opake, whitish, and abounds in cavities. 

No. 6. This specimen was from the coal opening on the 
Uhl tract, known as Uhl’s upper vein. It lies 44 feet below 
the level of Beal’s Gap, and consequently 421 feet above the 
last mentioned locality. 

The ore has a deep chocolate brown color, yellow without; 
it is of a compact texture, but contains occasional cavities, 
filled with argillaceous matter. 


Its specific gravity is 3.4704. 


Heated to 320° it loses 

4.3 per ct. 

At a white heat it loses in addition, 

11.5 “ 

It contains of iron 

58.94 “ 

“ oxygen 

25.26 “ 


100.00 


The ore is reduced at once to metallic malleable iron on the 
exterior, when in contact with charcoal, at the reducing tem¬ 
perature; and this outer shell contains magnetic oxide of iron, 
apparently nearly pure. 

It seems probable that it would be most advantageously 
worked with an argillaceous or calcareous ore, containing a 
larger portion of earthy matter. 

This ore is a hydrated peroxide of iron, and is evidently the 
shell derived from the decomposition of carbonated argillace¬ 
ous ball ore. 



| JVb. 


19 


Tabular view of the Iron Ores above described. 


4 


Locality. 

Sp.Gr. 

—. 

O 

55,0 

H O 

CO 

• «« 

£ 

Loss by calcin¬ 

ation. 

fl 

Yield in pig 

metal. 

Earthy matter 

&fC. 

Oxygen. 

% 

Remarks. 

Reiber’s Gap, 
Savage mountain. 

3.7644 

0.1 

28.4 

42.2 

28.4 

8. 

Iron, grey, soft, tough. 

Cath. Wyman 
tract, Sav. mount. 

3.3957 

0.5 

28. 

39.2 

24.1 

8.2 

Iron, dark grey, soft, 
tough and crystalline. 

Upper part of 
same bed. 

3.077 

0.5 

20.6 

32.8 

37. 

9.1 

Iron, light grey, moder¬ 
ately hard, but tough. 

From same tract, 
but dif. opening. 

3.3179 

0.6 

24.4 

36.1 

33.8 

5.1 

Iron, white and brittle. 

Weller tract new 
opening. 

3.2646 

0.5 

29.5 

32.3 

31.1 

6.4 

Iron, dark grey, soft, 
granular. 

Uhl’s upper vein. 

3.4704 

4.3 

11.5 

58.94 


25.26 

Iron, malleable. 

Cook’s farm. 

3.2764 

0.5 

30.5 

26.7 

29 5 

12.8 

Iron, dark grey, crystal¬ 
line. 

Hoy man’s Hill. 

3.4069 

0.5 

28.4 

35 2 

28.2 

7.7 

Iron, mottled, fine-grain¬ 
ed, tough. 

Mean 

3.3716 


25.16 

37.93 

30.3 




From the mean specific gravity of these ores, it appears that 
one cubic yard will weigh 5685 lbs. or a little more than two 
and a half tons. It also appears that the average yield in pig 
metal is a trifle short of 38 per cent. In practice it will pro¬ 
bably be safe to calculate on taking three tons of these ores to 
make one ton of pig iron. 

In numbers, 1 , 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8 of the assays, it is manifest 
that the iron was almost wholly in the state of a carbonate of 
the protoxide, since the mean amount of carbonic acid in those 
six samples was 28.2 per cent., from which the calculated 
quantity of iron, supposing it to have been proto-carbonate, 
would be 35.69 per cent.; whereas, it was by experiment, 35. 

28. The slight deficiency is accounted for, in describing the 
results of the seventh analysis. 






































































































20 


It will be observed that only one of the specimens yielded 
a white and brittle metal. Indeed, out of many series of assays 
which I have made on the iron ores from various localities, I 
do not recollect to have met with a more satisfactory set of 
results, from any of the carbonated ores of our coal formations. 

“The adaptation of the situation to the manufacture of iron, 
appears to be complete. The ore itself is very abundant, and 
of excellent qualities. The coal is of the class known as “dry 
bituminous,” yielding a moderate per centage only of volatile 
matter, and a coke which is not so bulky as to choke the fur¬ 
nace, or prevent the application of the raw coal to the man¬ 
ufacture of iron, even without the labor and expense of coking. 
This remark is not hazarded as a mere conjecture. The coal 
of this basin, has, within a distance of ten or twelve miles of * 
the company’s property, been actually applied to the manufac¬ 
ture of iron, (and since within 3 miles at Mount Savage Iron 
Works,) both with and without the process of coking. Having 
visited the works at Lonakoning, I can bear testimony to the 
fact, that iron of excellent quality was made from the ore, coal 
and limestone found on George’s creek, and having before me 
samples of all the materials used at that locality, I can discover 
no superiority in them, over those found on this property. 

All these veins and beds of iron ore, varying from 20 inches 
to 6 feet, are found to run with as much regularity and cer¬ 
tainty, as any of the coal veins, they run in horizontal seams 
parallel with them, so that their value may be readily estimated 
by the number of acres they underlie. The southern end of 
this whole basin has been found comparatively destitute of ore, 
for the reason, that the veins appear to lie in a wedge shape, 
gradually declining from their extraordinary thickness at this 
point, to thinner seams in the southern portion of the basin. 


21 


LIMESTONES. 

u The possession of an abundant supply of limestone, inter- 
stratified with the coal and iron ore beds of the Savage moun¬ 
tain coal-trough, is a circumstance of great interest, in relation 
particularly, to the manufacture of iron. The limestone found 
at the u Big Spring,” in a bed of 9 feet in thickness, on the 
Hoyman tract, has a specific gravity of 2.709, yields excel¬ 
lent lime of a yellowish white colour, and by calcination loses 
36.4 per cent of its weight. After calcination, this limestone 
is completely soluble in acids,” (p. 41.) 

COST OF MANUFACTURE. 

Estimate of the cost of one ton of pig iron. 

3 tons of ore—say $1 per ton, delivered at the furnace, $3 00 
Flux material, (limestone,) “ “ “ 50 

3 tons of coal a $1 u “ “ 3 00 

Workmen, wear and tear of furnace, &c., 4 00 

$10 50 

So that every ton of metal manufactured may be put into 
market at $12.50, which is $2 for transportation on the esti¬ 
mated cost. 

In view of this estimate of the cost of Pig Iron, under the 
present process, $12,50 per ton—the favorable situation of 
these lands in regard to transportation—the various advantageous 
sites for furnaces—the. richness and abundance of Iron ore, 
with all the crude materials on the spot, there can be no doubt 
that the manufacture of Iron can be carried on in the Pennsyl¬ 
vania portion of the basin, with more profit than in any other 
part of this coal field, or we may safely add, in this country: 
and we leave the reader to draw his own inferences and make 
his own calculations whether a more profitable business could 
be entered into, if managed with ordinary prudence, than the 
erection of furnaces at the cost stipulated above, that would 
yield so large a product in so short a time. 

CHRISTIAN KEENER, Agent. 





















CHARTER OF THE 


ALLEGHANY COAL COMPANY. 

[Now THE UNION COAL COMPANY. See Supplementary Act.] 


Section 1 . Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives 
of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, in General Assembly met, and it is 
hereby enacted by the authority of the same, That James Armstrong, jr., 
George Weller, John Mong, Jacob Myers, (G. S.) Samuel W. Pearson, 
Alexander B. Fleming, Jonathan Knepper, and Daniel Baird, and their 
associates, successors and assigns, be and they are hereby constituted a 
body corporate and politic, by the name, style and title of “The Alleghany 
Coal Company,” for the purpose of mining coal, and for the transacting 
of the usual business of companies engaged in the mining, transporting to 
market, and selling of coal, and the other products of coal mines. And 
the said corporation, by the said name, is hereby declared and made capa¬ 
ble in law to sue and be sued, to plead and be impleaded, to have a com¬ 
mon seal, and the same to alter and renew at pleasure, to make rules and 
by-laws for the regulation and management of the said corporation, con¬ 
sistent with the laws of the United States, and of this Commonwealth, 
and generally to do and execute for the well being of said company, what¬ 
ever shall lawfully pertain to such bodies politic : Provided, That noth¬ 
ing herein contained shall be considered as in any way giving to said 
company any banking privileges, but they shall be exclusively confined 
to the operations pertaining to the business aforesaid, according to the 
true intent and meaning of this act : And provided also, That each stock¬ 
holder shall be liable in his individual capacity for the debts, and perform¬ 
ance of all contracts entered into by the said company, to the amount of 
the balance unpaid on the stock of said company. 

Section 2. The said company shall have the right to hold either by pur¬ 
chase or lease, not exceeding two thousand acres of land at any one time, 
the whole to be within the townships of Southampton and Greenville, in the 
county of Somerset, in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the same, 
or any part thereof, to sell, or otherwise dispose of, as the interest of the 
company may require: Provided , That the said company may hold, as 
above, such lot or lots of land, not exceeding five acres, in any one place, 
as may be found convenient as places of deposit in the transportation and 
sale of the products of their mines. 


24 


Section 3. The capital stock of said company shall be and consist of 
three* hundred thousand dollars, and shall be divided into six thousand 
shares, of fifty-f- dollars each; which capital stock shall only be employed 
in the holding and purchasing the lands aforesaid, with the improvements, 
if any thereon, and in constructing such other improvements, buildings, 
cars, boats, engines, and machinery, as may be necessary or useful for the 
mining, transportation, and sale of coal, and in the payment of such sala¬ 
ries, wages, and other expenditures, as shall be requisite for the purposes 
aforesaid, of the company; and the said stock shall be assignable and 
transferable, according to such rules as the board of directors shall establish. 

Section 4. When the above named James Armstrong, jr., George 
Weller, John Mong, Jacob Myers, (G. S.) Samuel W. Pearson, Alexan¬ 
der B. Fleming, Jonathan Knepper, and Daniel Baird, and their associ¬ 
ates, shall have subscribed the whole number of shares aforesaid, and ac¬ 
tually paid and expended not less than fifteen per cent, of the capital, 
aforesaid, in purchasing lands, and in such other investments as are au¬ 
thorized by this act for the use of said company, the Governor, on due ev¬ 
idence thereof, shall, by letters-patent, under his hand, and the seal of the 
state, create and erect the said James Armstrong, jr., George Weller, John 
Young, Jacob Myers, (G. S.) Samuel W. Pearson, Alexander B. Flem¬ 
ing, Jonathan Knepper, Daniel Baird, and their associates, successors, 
and assigns, into one body corporate, by the name, style and title of “The 
Alleghany Coal Company. 

Section 5. The affairs of the said company shall be managed by seven 
directors to be chosen annually from the stockholders. The first election 
shall be held in the borough of Somerset, county of Somerset, within thir¬ 
ty days after letters-patent aforesaid, shall have been issued, of which elec¬ 
tion, public notice shall be given by four or more of the corporators named 
in the first section of this act, at least two weeks prior thereto, in two or 
more newspapers printed in the county of Somerset, and the subsequent 
elections shall be held annually, at such convenient time and place as the 
directors shall determine, of which thirty days previous notice, shall in 
like manner be given by the president of said company, or by any five of 
the directors : Provided , That in the event of a failure to hold such elec¬ 
tion, the former directors may continue in office for a period not exceeding 
six months, or until such election shall be held. 

Section 6. The election for directors shall be held by ballot, and each 
stockholder shall be entitled to vote according to the number of shares held 
by said stockholder, in the proportion following, that is to say; for each 
share, and not exceeding four shares, one vote ; for every two shares above 
four, and not exceeding ten, one vote; for every four shares above ten, and 
not exceeding thirty, one vote ; for every ten shares above thirty, and not 


* Five, see Supplementary Act. 


t Twenty dollars each, see Supplementary Act. 





25 

exceeding one hundred, one vote; for every twenty shares above one hun¬ 
dred, one vote. No share shall confer a right of voting which shall not 
have been transferred at least three calendar months prior to the day of 
election, nor unless it be bona fide held or owned by the person in whose 
name it appears, in his own right, or in that of his wife, or for his or her 
sole use and benefit, or as executor or administrator, trustee or guardian, 
or in the right or for the use and benefit of some copartnership, society or 
corporation, of which he or she may be a member. And all votes by proxy, 
shall be on such terms and conditions as are prescribed by the act passed 
on the twenty eighth day of March, one thousand eight hundred and 
twenty, entitled “an act to regulate proxies.” 

Section 7. The directors shall, as soon as convenient after their elec¬ 
tion, choose one of their number as president, to serve for one year, they 
shall also have power to appoint as occasion may require, all other officers 
and agents of the company, and to supply vacancies in the board arising 
from death, resignation or otherwise, until the next annual election. At 
all meetings of the board, four directors shall form a quorum to transact 
business. 

Section 8. The directors may, from time to time, call in on thirty 
days notice thereof, in at least two newspapers printed in the county of 
Somerset, such instalments on the stock of said company, as they may 
judge best, not exceeding twenty per cent, thereof, at any one time and 
place appointed, and if any instalment of the stock so called in, shall re¬ 
main unpaid for the space of thirty days after the lime so appointed, every 
such stockholder, or his or her assignee, shall, in addition to the instalment 
so called for, pay at the rate of two per centum per month, for the delay 
of such payment, and if the same and additional penalty shall remain un¬ 
paid for such space of time, as that the accumulated penalty shall become 
equal to the sums before paid in part and on account of such shares, the 
same shall be forfeited to the said company, and may be sold to any per¬ 
son or persons willing to purchase for such prices as can be obtained for 
the same, or in default of payment by any stockholder of any such instal¬ 
ment as aforesaid, the president and directors may, at their election, cause 
suit to be brought before an alderman or justice of the peace, or in any 
court having competent jurisdiction, for the recovery of the same, together 
with the penalty aforesaid. Provided , That no stockholder, whether an 
original subscriber or assignee, shall be entitled to vote at any election or 
at any general or special meeting of the said company, on whose share or 
shares any instalments or arrearages may be due and payable more than 
thirty days previously to the said election or meeting. 

Section 9. Dividends of so much of the profits of the company, as 
shall appear to the directors advisable, shall be declared twice a year, and 
paid to the stockholders or their legal representatives on demand, at any 
time after the expiration of ten days after having been declared, but said 

4 


V 


26 


dividends shall in no case exceed the amount of net profits actually ac¬ 
quired by the company, so that the capital stock shall never thereby be 
impaired, and if any dividend shall be declared which shall impair the 
capital stock of the said company, the directors consenting thereto shall be 
liable in their individual capacities to said company, for the amount of 
the stock so divided, and each director present when such dividend shall 
be declared, shall be adjudged consenting thereto, unless he shall forthwith 
give public notice to the stockholders of the declaring of such dividend. 
Provided, That whenever the dividends shall exceed six per cent, per an¬ 
num, the said company shall pay a tax of eight per cent, on all such div¬ 
idends into the treasury of the state, for the purposes of education, and the 
president of said company shall annually in the month of January, trans¬ 
mit to the Legislature under oath or affirmation, a statement of the receipts 
and expenditures, thereof, and of any dividends which may have been de¬ 
clared during the preceding year. 

Section 10. It shall not be lawful for the said president, directors and 
company, nor any of their agents, nor any other person whatever employed 
by or under them, or any of them, for the purpose contemplated in this 
act, to enter upon any land which they shall deem necessary for the con¬ 
struction and completion of the said rail-road or rail-roads, or any part 
thereof, either by the making of any excavation or embankments, or for 
the mere purpose of searching for stone, earth or gravel, or for the felling 
of timber for the construction and completion of the said road or roads, 
until the rate of compensation for injury sustained or to be sustained by 
reason of the construction thereof, shall have been previously ascertained 
and paid, or the amount thereof secured in such a manner as shall prove 
satisfactory to the owner or owners of such land, which said compensation 
if the parties cannot agree thereon, shall be ascertained in the same man¬ 
ner as is prescribed and provided for in the fifteenth section of the act of 
the sixth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and thirty, incorporat¬ 
ing the Middleport and Pine Creek Rail-road Company. 

Section 11. Any legal process served on any agent or manager of 
said company, is hereby declared to be to all intents and purposes as valid 
as the same would have been if served on the president and directors 
thereof. ' * 

Section 12. The company hereby incorporated shall have power to 
construct rail-roads with one or more tracts from any point or points on 
their land, to the Maryland line, in the direction of Cumberland. Said 
company shall have the same powers and immunities, and be subject to 
the same terms and conditions that are provided for in the act to incorpo¬ 
rate the Beaver Meadow Rail-road and Canal Company, and the supple¬ 
ments thereto. Provided , That the said company shall not prevent any 
person or persons, company or companies, hereafter incorporated, being 
the owner or owners of land bordering on the said rail-road or rail-roads. 


/ 


‘27 


or adjacent thereto from making lateral rail-roads, and to connect them 
with said rail-road or rail-roads, from their said lands, as the said person 
or persons, company or companies, may conceive necessary for the pur¬ 
pose of transporting their coal or produce upon said rail-road or rail-roads, 
subject to the payment of the same rates of toll now charged by the Mine- 
hill and Schuylkill Haven rail-road, by virtue of the sixth section of the 
supplement of their act of incorporation, passed on the twenty-third day 
of March, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-two, and that the turn¬ 
outs for such lateral roads shall be so constructed and kept as not to in¬ 
terfere with the use of the main road or roads, and all cars or wagons run 
upon the same, shall be subject to such rules and regulations as may be 
prescribed by the company, and be intended to keep the track of said road 
or roads, free and open for the uninterrupted passage of the cars of every 
person desiring to travel thereon. 

Section 13. This act shall continue and be in force until the first day 
of May, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and sixty- 
five. Provided, That it shall be lawful for the legislature at any time, to 
amend or repeal any of the foregoing provisions, and to rescind the powers 
hereby granted, in such manner however, that no injury may be done to 
the corporators. 

WM. HOPKINS, 

Speaker of the House of Representatives. 

CHARLES B. PENROSE, 

Speaker of the Senate. 

Approved— This twenty-fifth day of May, A. D. eighteen hundred and 
thirty-nine. y 

DAVID R. PORTER. 


I 


SUPPLEMBNT 


TO THE 


Charter of the Union Coal Company. 


Section 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, in general Assembly met, and it is hereby 
enacted by the authority of the same, That the name, style and title of the 
Alleghany Coal Company be changed and the same shall henceforth be 
entitled “The Union Coal Company ,” and in which name the books lor 
subscription to the capital stock thereof shall be opened and the business 
of the company conducted. 

Section 2. That the shares of stock of said company be reduced from 
fifty dollars to twenty dollars per share, the capital stock remaining the 
same as heretofore, but the said company shall have power if at any time 
it be deemed necessary, upon a vote of two-thirds of the stockholders be¬ 
ing favorable thereto, to increase the capital stock of said company to an 
amount as they may deem advisable, not exceeding in the aggregate five 
hundred thousand dollars, and thereupon direct and receive an additional 
subscription thereto. Provided, That said Company shall pay to the 
State Treasurer, for the use of the Commonwealth, one per centum on 
the capital stock thereof in four equal annual payments, the first whereof, 
shall be paid within one year after the passage of this act. 

Section 3. That the corporate privileges hereby granted, shall contin¬ 
ue in force until the first day of May, one thousand eight hundred and 
sixty-five, and such parts of the act to which this is a supplement, as are 
hereby altered or supplied, be and the same are hereby repealed. 


Secretary’s Office. 


Pennsylvania , ss. 

I do hereby certify. That the foregoing and annexed is a true and 
correct copy of Sections one, two and three, of the Original Act of the 
General Assembly, entitled “A Supplement to an act to incorporate the 
Alleghany Coal Company, passed the 25th day of May, 1839, relative 
to tavern license in Bedford county; authorizing the Committee of George 
Beisheim, a lunatic, to make a deed.” Approved the eighteenth day of 
April, A. D. one thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, as the same re¬ 
mains on file in this office. 

In Testimony Whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused 
the Seal of the Secretary’s Office to be affixed at Harrisburg, this fourth 
day of May, A. D. one thousand eight hundred and fifty-three. 

E. S. GOODRICH, 

Dep. Secretary of the Commonwealth. 




































































































































\ 



Sect; 
the Com 
enacted 
Alleghai 
entitled 
subscript 
of the cc 
Sectic 
fifty dolla 
same as 1 
it be deen 
ing favon 
amount a: 
hundred 1 
subscriptic 
State Tre; 
the capital 
shall be pa 
Section 
ue in force 
sixty-five, ; 
hereby alte 


Pi 

I DO HEI 

correct copt 
General As 
Alleghany < 
to tavern lict 
Beisheim, a 
April, A. D. 
mains on file 
In Testim 
the Seal of tl 
day of May, 


























































ft: 
























